English Writing

예제 : talks와 talk
         어떤 동사가 단수동사 인가요?
         어떤 동사가 복수동사 인가요?
         'He talks about'가 어울립니다. 이때 talks는 단수동사가 됩니다.
         'They talk about'역시 잘 어울립니다. 이때 talk는 복수동사 입니다.

예제 : My aunt or my uncle is arriving by train today.

예제 : Neither John nor Susan is available.
         Either Kiana or Casey helps today with stage decorations.

예제 : Neither she nor I am going to the festival.

예제 : The book or the magazines are on the shelf.

예제 : Neither Jenny nor the others are available.

예제 : A car and a bike are my means of transportation.

예제 : The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected shortly.
         Excitement, as well as nervousness, is the cause of her
         shaking.

예제 : Each of the girls sings well.
         Every boy and girl works very hard.

예제 : Fifty percent of the pie has disappeared.   (pie->has)
         Fifty percent of the pies have disappeared.(pies->have)

         One-third of the city is unemployed.
         One-third of the people are unemployed.

         All of the pie is gone.
         All of the pies are gone.

         Some of the pie is missing.
         Some of the pies are missing.

예제 : Neither of them is available to speak right now.

예제 : There are four hurdles to jump.
         There is a high hurdle to jump.

예제 : Ten dollars is a high price to pay.
         Five years is the maximum sentence for that offense.

예제 : Charlene is the scientist who write/writes the reports.
         who앞의 명사가 단수(scientist)이므로 단수동사(writes)를 씁니다.
         He is one of the men who does/do the work.
         who앞의 명사가 복수(men)이므로 복수동사(do)를 씁니다.

예제 : The staff is in a meeting.
         이 문장에서 Staff는 단일개체로 취급 됩니다.

         The staff are in disagreement about the findings.
         이 문장에서 Staff는 분리된 개인으로 취급됩니다.
         다음과 같이 바꾸면 좀더 알아보기 쉬운 문장이 됩니다.
         The staff members are in disagreement about the findings.

1. 지나오다 : I walked past the house.
2. 시간이 지나서 : It was past 2 o'clock; half past two.
3. ~을 넘어선 : past belief

1. 각각 : 60 Kilometers per hour; price per liter

1. 합하여 : Six plus four equals ten.

1. 과거의 특정한 시각으로 부터 : I had been waiting since two o'clock
2. 과거부터 현재까지 : I have been waiting here since noon.

1. ~을 가로질러 : the main road through town.
2. 기간 전체(~하는동안) : I slept through the night.
3. ~을 통해서 : Skill improves through practice.

1. 모든부분 : throughout the world.
2. 기간 전체(~을 지내는 동안) : throughout the winter

1. ~쪽으로 : Turn to the right.
2. 목적지 : I am going to Rome.
3. ~까지 : from Monday to Friday; five minutes to ten.
4. ~과 비교하여 : They prefer hockey to soccer.
5. (간접목적어와 함께쓰여) ~에게 : Please give it to me.
6. 부정사의 일부분 : I like to ski; he wants to help.
7. (목적) ~하기 위하여 : We went to the store to buy soap.

1. ~쪽으로 : We walked toward the center of town.
2. 가까이, (시간이) 바로앞선 : It rained towards evening.

1. 아래쪽에 : under the desk; under the trees.
2. ~보다 적은 : Under 100 people were  present.
3. ~상황인 : under repair; under way; under discussion

1. 아래쪽에 : underneath the carpet.

1. 특정한 시각까지 : She will stay until Friday; until 5 p.m.

1. 더 높은 장소로 : We went up the stairs.
2. 더 높은 장소에 : She lives up the hill.

1. ~까지 : up to now, I have read up to page 100.
2. ~에 달려있는 : The decision is up to you.
3. 만족하는 : His work is up to standard.

1. ~대~ : The next game is England versus Australia.

1. ~을 통해, 경유하여 : He went to Los Angeles via San Francisco.

1. ~와 함께 : He came with her; I have my keys with me.
2. 가지다, 포함하다 : Here is a book with a map of the island.
3. ~을 이용하여(수단) : I repaired the shoes with glue.
4. (감정에 관계한) 태도 : with pleasure; with ease; with difficulty
5. ~때문에 : We were paralyzed with fear.

1. ~안에 : within twenty minutes; within one kilometer

1. ~없이 : Do not leave without your coat; without money

1. ~과 관련하여 : He studies everything concerning trees.

1. ~임에도 불구하고 : We walked downtown despite the rain.

1. 낮은쪽으로 : The ball rolled down the hill.
2. ~을따라서 멀리 : He lives down the street.

1. ~동안 쭉 : She works during the day.
2. 때때로 특정시각 안에 : An accident occurred during the night.

1. 포함하지 않고 : I have visited everyone except him.

1. 시간의 기간 : We walked for two hours.
2. 거리 : I walked for five kilometers.
3. 목적 : I bought this jacket for you.
4. ~의 방향으로 : She left for New York.
5. ~을 찬성하여(in favor of): We are for the proposal.
6. ~라 생각하다 : The boy is clever for his age.

1. 시작한 장소 : We left from Boston; he comes from Mexico.
2. 기간의 시작 : from now on; from yesterday until today
3. 범위의 시작 : from 20 to 30 people were present.
4. 원인 : He suffers from nervousness.
5. 근원, 원천 : I first heard the story from you.

1. 넓은장소 : in London; in Europe.
2. 장소안에서 : in the room; in the building.
3. 긴 시간의 단위 : That happened in March, in 1992.
4. 특정시간 내에 : I will return in an hour.
5. ~의 수단으로 : write in pencil; speak in English.
6. 상태 : in doubt; in a hurry; in secret
7. ~의 구성원 : He is in the orchestra; in the navy
8. 입고있는 : the boy in the blue shirt.
9. ~을 언급하며 : lacking in ideas; rich in oil

1. ~안에 : They are inside the house.

1. ~의 안쪽으로 : We stepped into the room.
2. 상태의 변화 : The boy changed into a man.

1. ~과 닮은 : That looks like him.
2. ~이 가능할것처럼 보이는 : It looks like rain.
3. ~에 적합한 기분이되다 : I feel like going to swimming.

1. 더 적은 : Three minus two equals one.

1. 가까운 : near the school; near the ocean.

1. 위치 : east of here; the middle of the road.
2. 소유관계 : a friend of mine; the sound of music.
3. 그룹의 일부 : one of us; a member of the team.
4. 측정, 치수 : a cup of milk; two meters of snow.

1. 꺼진, ~으로부터 떨어져서 : Please keep off the grass.
2. ~으로부터 약간의 거리에 : There are islands off the coast.

1. ~의 표면에 접하여 : on the table; on the wall.
2. 특정한 날 : That happened on Sunday, on the 6th of June.
3. 특정 거리(street) : on South Street
4. ~과 관련하여 : a book on engineering.
5. 상태에 있는 : on strike; on fire; on holiday.
6. ~을 이용해 : live on a pension; shown on television.

1. ~쪽으로 : The child climbed onto the table.

1. 마주보고 : The library is opposite the fire station.

1. ~의 바깥쪽 : She went out of the room.
2. 셋이상 중에서 : We won two games out of three.
3. (동기, 원인) ~에서 : We spoke to them out of politeness.
4. 원료 : The bridge is made out of steel.
5. 정도를 넘어선(범위밖에) : out of control; out of danger.

1. ~의 바깥쪽 : outside the house
2. ~의 범위를 넘어선 : outside my experience

1. 위쪽, 더 높은 : There are cupboards over the sink.
2. 덮고있는 : We spread an extra blanket over the bed.
3. 가로질러 : I jumped over a puddle.
4. 더 많은 : It cost over ten dollars; It took over an hour.
5. ~동안에 : I saw him several times over the pass week.
6. ~을 이용해 : We made plans over the telephone.

1. 어떤 주제에 관하여 : This is a story about elephants.
2. ~과 근사한(대략의) : He is about ten years old.

1. ~보다 높은 : The plane flew above the clouds.
2. 쪽앞에 : There is a heading above each diagram.

1. 이쪽에서 저쪽으로 : We walked across the field.
2. ~의 맞은편에 : There is a store across the street.

1. 특정 시간보다 늦은 : after ten o'clock; after lunch.
2. 순서상 뒷쪽의 : Q comes after P in the alphabet.

1. ~에 반(대)하여 : Theft is against the law.
2. 접촉하여; 의지하여 : I leaned my bicycle againnst the wall

1. 어떤것을 쭉 따라가며 : We walked along the road.

1. 어떤 그룹안에 : The money was shared among three people.

1. 어떤것을 빙 둘러서 : We walked around the block.
2. ~의 주위에 : There is a fence around the garden.
3. ~의 다른부분을 : I looked around the house for the keys.
4. 다른쪽으로 : We turned around and went back home.
5. ~과 근사한(대략의) : He is around six feet tall.

1. 특정한 위치 : at 23 Chestnut Street; at the park.
2. 특정한 시간 : at 5 O'clock; at Christmas.
3. ~의 상태에 : at peace; at war; at rest
4. 활동하는 : at work; at school; at play
5. ~쪽으로 : Look at someone; wave at someone

1. 특정 시간보다 이른 : before two o'clock; before Christmas.
2. 순서상 앞쪽의 : S comes before T in the alphabet.

1. ~의 뒷쪽에 : The little girl hid behind her mother.
2. 늦은 : I am behind in my work.
3. 원인, 발단 : Who was behind that idea.

1. ~보다 낮은, ~아래의 : below freezing; below sea level
2. 쪽뒤에 : Footnotes are provided below the text.

1. ~보다 낮은, below와 같음 : beneath the earth.

1. ~옆에 : I sit beside her in class.

1. 중간에 위치한 : Toronto lies between Montreal and Vancouver.
2. 중간시각 : between Christmas and New Year's Day
3. 순서상 중간의 : B comes between A and C in the alphabet.
4. 중간수량 : between five and ten people.
5. 둘로 이루어진 그룹에 속하는 : The money was shared between two
                                              people

1. ~보다 더 먼 : The mountains lie beyond the horizon.
2. 넘어선, 초과한 : That was beyond my expectations.

1. ~을 제외하고 : I have read all but the last chapter.

1. ~근처에 : a house by the sea.
2. ~을 지나쳐서 : He waved as he drove by the house.
3. ~까지(기한) : Try to finish the work by next week.
4. ~의 단위 : cheaper by the dozen; sold by weight
5. ~의 수단을 이용해 : travel by plane; written by him.

예제 : He owns the house on the corner.
         We are waiting for her.
         She has read many books about flying.

예제 : 영국식 - There is a fence about the garden.
         미국식 - There is a fence around the garden.